Why is the surgical procedure, pancreaticoduodenectomy. Considerations on pancreatic exocrine function after. The procedure was originally described by alessandro codivilla in 1898, a. Alessandro codivilla in imola, italy was foremost a pioneer in orthopedic surgery, interestingly he also performed the first pancreaticoduodenectomy in 1898, alas the patient died on the 24th day. Pancreatoduodenectomy has been called kauschs operation or whipple s operation nowadays a alessandro codivilla, italy b walther kausch, germany c allen whipple, united state. American surgeon allen whipple performs a successful onestage pancreaticoduodenectomy, being the first to popularize the procedure today also called whipple procedure. Chapter 100 techniques of pancreatic resection for cancer. The first laparoscopic pancreatic surgery was a pylorussparing whipple in 1992.
In 1912, walther kausch 18671928 in germany reported the first successful excision of the duodenum and a portion of the pancreas in two stages for ampullary cancer. Due anni di practica chirurgica, by alessandro codivilla wellcome l0015202. It is well known that a pd is one of the most technically demanding abdominal oncological operations. Italian surgeon, alessandro codivilla codivilla, 1904 stretched the whole gap in one go under general anaesthesia, while wagner wagner, 1978 encouraged his patients to turn the distraction knob on the external fixator. Pancreatic surgery the first documented operation on the pancreas, a distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy for removal of a tumor, was performed in 1882 by friedrich trendelenburg 1. Alessandro codivilla was born on march 21, 1861, in bologna. Classification and treatment of pancreatic and non. Originally filled with unacceptably high morbidity and mortality, these obstacles have been overcome through the work of numerous great surgeons in recent decades. A pancreaticoduodenectomy, whipple procedure, or kausch whipple procedure, is a major surgical operation involving the pancreas, duodenum, gall bladder,commom bile duct and distal part of stomach. After excelling at high school, he attended the faculty of medicine and surgery, where he graduated with full marks in 1886. Whipple only performed 37 whipples, which in todays standards would classify ao whipple as a lowvolume whipple surgeon the whipples of today entail resection of the pancreatic head and in fact have little resemblance to the whipple s original operations from 1935 with only slightly more. This procedure was originally described by alessandro codivilla in 1898 and kausch in 1912, and later perfected by allen oldfather.
Due to the shared blood supply of organs in the proximal gastrointestinal system, surgical. Kausch performed the first modern pancreatoduodenectomy in 1909. Pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed by few other surgeons prior to being defined, then refined, by whipple et al. The whipple s procedure was actually first described by the italian surgeon alessandro codivilla in 1889 and first performed by the german surgeon walther kausch in 1909. Pdf pancreatic cancer is generally found in the older population pancreaticoduodenectomy seems to be the only way in resolving these resectable. Early on, he showed a special interest in the studies of sciences. Alessandro codivilla and the first pancreatoduodenectomy. Whipple only performed 37 whipples, which in todays standards would classify ao whipple as a lowvolume whipple surgeon the whipples of today entail resection of the pancreatic head and in fact have little resemblance to the whipples original operations from 1935 with only slightly more. He was assistant to loreta and poggi, but his financial condition forced him to give up clinical practice and start work in a. Its known as a whipples after allen oldfather whipple, who in the 1930s modified a much older procedure originally described by alessandro codivilla in 1898. Allen oldfather whipple or the german walther kausch, the first documented operation. A pancreaticoduodenectomy, pancreatoduodenectomy, whipple procedure, or kausch whipple procedure is a major surgical operation most often performed to remove cancerous tumours off the head of the pancreas. Codivilla pioneered the technique of pancreaticoduodenectomy, resecting the head of pancreas distal stomach.
Probability prediction of a postoperative pancreatic fistula. Though alessandro codivilla was the first person to perform a pd, 9 it was allen whipple who popularized this surgery. Alessandro codivilla litfl medical blog medical eponym. This operation is performed to treat cancerous tumours on the head of the pancreas or cancerous tumors on ducts or vessels near the pancreas. Advances in surgery for pancreatic cancer acher journal. Alessandro codivilla 21 march 1861 28 february 1912 was an italian surgeon from imola. Than allen o whipple modified this procedure in 1935, but the. In the classic whipple procedure c whipple the head of the pancreas, the.
The success of pancreatic resections for neuroendocrine tumors renewed interest in pancreatic surgery, particularly in the newly appointed surgeoninchief at columbiapresbyterian medical center in new york, allen oldfather whipple 18811963, figure 3. Pancreaticoduodenectomy wikimili, the free encyclopedia. A pancreaticoduodenectomy, whipple procedure, or kausch whipple procedure, is a major surgical operation involving the pancreas, duodenum, and other organs. Alessandro codivilla 21 march 1861 28 february 1912 was an italian surgeon from imola, head of the surgical department of the hospital of castiglion fiorentino although the partial removal of the pancreas in cases of pancreas cancer is usually associated with allen oldfather whipple or the german walther kausch, the first documented operation of this kind was performed by codivilla. Pdf historical evolution of the surgical treatment of pancreatic. It is also used for the treatment of pancreatic or duodenal trauma, or chronic pancreatitis. Alessandro codivilla was born in bologna 21st march 1861 into a family of modest means. Operative technique in robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy. In the past, the rate and rhythm of distraction were rarely considered.
Perhaps his greatest contribution was sparking a renewed interest in the surgical management of periampullary cancers and engendering a community of surgeons who advanced the field through their collective. Whipple, pancreaticoduodenectomy pd, pancreatic cancer. Alessandro codivilla was an italian surgeon from imola, head of the surgical department of the hospital of castiglion. Pancreatic cancer is generally found in the older population pancreaticoduodenectomy seems to be the only way in resolving these resectable tumors. This procedure was originally described by alessandro codivilla in 1898 and kausch in 1912, and later perfected by allen oldfather whipple. The content on this page is forked from the english wikipedia page entitled timeline of pancreatic cancer. During the past 7 years of our experience in this procedure, an improvement in the different aspects of the technique including lesser time of operation, less intraoperative bleeding, less pancreatic. Than allen o whipple modified this procedure in 1935, but the complexity of technique and the associated high morbidity and mortality resulted in initial reluctance to adopt this surgery for the management of pancreatic and periampullary tumors 19. The evolution toward modern pancreatic surgery was due to walther kausch figure 1b. Voz, rostro y tenor universidad temperamento apple brigham young duodenopancreatectomia. It is distributed in accordance with the creative commons attribution non commercial cc bync 4.
Probability prediction of a postoperative pancreatic. Italian surgeon alessandro codivilla performs the first reported attempt at a pancreaticoduodenectomy. Although the partial removal of the pancreas in cases of pancreas cancer is usually associated with allen oldfather whipple or the german walther kausch, the first documented. Allen whipple popularizes pancreaticoduodenectomy in the 1940s. The first reports on pancreatic cancer resections were published after operations performed by friedrich trendelenburg bonn in 1882, theodor billroth wien in 1884, alessandro codivilla imolabologna and william s halsted baltimore in 1898, walter kausch berlin in 1912, georg hirschel heidelberg in 1914, and alexander brunschwig. The first known pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed by alessandro codivilla on february 1898 in italy, followed by kausch 11 years later.
Jun 29, 2011 the procedure was originally described by alessandro codivilla in 1898, a. Original description of the first pancreatic head resection 1898 whipple. A whipple procedures or whipple s procedure is a pancreaticoduodenectomy. His major surgical operation involves the removal of the head of the pancreas, the duodenum, the proximal jejunum, gallbladder, and often the distal stomach. Pd is a complex 7 technique due to the combination of the dissection in close proximity to vital vascular structures and the. Pancreatic cancer epidemiology, detection, and management. An italian surgeon, alessandro codivilla, was the first to perform a pancreaticoduodenectomy. Alessandro codivilla 1861 1912 was an italian surgeon. Nowadays, whipple is an acceptable operation that is performed in various malignant and benign diseases of pancreas and periampulary area. In the 1970s tobacco use is found to cause pancreatic cancer. Its actual names is pancreaticouodenectomy or pancreatoduodenectomy. Redirected from whipple procedure originally described by alessandro codivilla in 1898 and kausch in 1912. Its called whipple procedure in honor of the american surgeon allen whipple who improved the procedure in the 1940s, this was first described by the italian surgeon, alessandro codivilla in 1898 and used by german surgeon walther kausch in 1909.
In 1898, alessandro codivilla 18611912 performed the first pancreatic head resection. Media in category alessandro codivilla the following 7 files are in this category, out of 7 total. Alessandro codivilla in 1898 and later refined by dr. Alessandro codivilla performed the first pancreaticoduodenectomy in a 46yearold male with a pancreatic head mass. Mar 11, 2015 pancreatic cancer is generally found in the older population pancreaticoduodenectomy seems to be the only way in resolving these resectable tumors. Ligasure impact versus conventional dissection technique. Pancreaticoduodenectomy a pancreaticoduodenectomy, pancreatoduodenectomy1, whipple procedure, or kausch whipple procedure, is a major surgical operation involving the pancreas, duodenum, and other organs. Advances in surgery for pancreatic cancer acher journal of. Eleven years later in 1909 walter kausch in berlin. In 1898, alessandro codivilla performed this procedure firstly on a patient with pc.
Although both alessandro codivilla in italy and walter kausch in germany had performed pancreatoduodenectomy decades before, whipples presentation at the american surgical association meeting in 1935 of 3 patients who underwent a 2staged operation 4 and his successful performance of a 1stage. There are two operation techniques performed predominantly. O whipple was the first to describe pancreaticoduodenectomy in. The first reports on pancreatic cancer resections were published after operations performed by friedrich trendelenburg bonn in 1882, theodor billroth wien in 1884, alessandro codivilla imolabologna and william s halsted baltimore in 1898, walter kausch berlin in 1912, georg hirschel heidelberg in 1914, and alexander. Classification and treatment of pancreatic and nonpancreatic. The operation is named after allen oldfather whipple september 2, 1881 april 6, 1963 an american surgeon who did extensive research on the pancreas and developed a surgical operation for p. Howard, md, has provided us with the definitive historical account of the great american surgeon allen oldfather whipple, md. By the turn of the century, surgical pioneers such as alessandro codivilla and walther. Aspects of radical surgery for exocrine cancer of the. Allen oldfather whipple, the removal of the pancreatic head and duodenum as it wraps around the route of the mesentery can pose some significant surgical. Alessandro codivilla litfl medical blog medical eponym library.
Crothers 1, lei zhao2 and rebecca wilcox 1department of pathology, university of vermontfletcher allen health care, usa 2department of pathology, university of chicago, usa abstract the pancreaticoduodenectomy, commonly referred to as the whipple resection, is. Allen oldfather whipple is the uncontested father of north american pancreatic surgery. The whipple procedure is the standard method for therapy of cancerous tumours, inflammation and stenosis near the head of the pancreas. The classic whipple procedure pancreatoduodenectomy, which involves removing the pancreatic head, as well as the curve of the duodenum, the gallbladder, and the common bile duct, is the most common operation for cancers of the head andor neck of pancreas. Oldfather whipple, the surgeon who popularized it in north america in 1935 6, pd had been described by the italian surgeon alessandro codivilla in 1898 and subsequently by the german surgeon walther kausch. Aug 01, 20 it is well known that a pd is one of the most technically demanding abdominal oncological operations. The first reported attempt at a pancreatoduodenectomy was performed in 1898 by the italian surgeon alessandro codivilla for a tumor involving the head of the. In the field of pancreatic surgery, probably no operation has engendered more historic debate than the origin of the pancreatoduodenectomy, with the misleading and arguably inappropriate eponyms of the whipple or the kauschwhipple procedure. An italian surgeon, alessandro codivilla, was the first to perform. This article is a case series with respect to the 7year experience of the whipple procedure in firoozgar teaching hospital.
Accomplished orthopaedic surgeon known best for his work with external pin fixation and traction for limb lengthening 1898 original description of the first pancreatic head resection whipple procedure. Evolution of the whipple procedure at the massachusetts. Whipples pancreaticoduodenectomy deranged physiology. Over the past 5 years, the field of pancreatic surgery for treatment of pancreatic malignancies has been a challenge to the surgical community. Although almost exactly a century has elapsed since alessandro codivilla performed the first pancreaticoduodenectomy in bologna in 1898 1, and it has been only 16 years less since walter kausch succeeded with a partial pancreaticoduodenectomy in germany 1912 2, this remains a most complex operation that carries a substantial operative risk and limited longterm success. The insight of howard, based on his own experience as a pancreatic surgeon and his place in the history of this field, makes him. O whipple was the first to describe pancreaticoduodenectomy in 1935 as a modified procedure.
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